SD title export

The System Settings application delivered with each DSi can be used to export applications from NAND to SD. The bin files created on SD are using the Tad file structure. Tad files are encrypted with AES CCM (CTR with CBC-MAC), using a combination of a shared key and a console specific key.

The application itself (APP), and the title metadata (TMD) is encrypted with a console specific key. This means that Nintendo intended that these files can only be imported back into the same DSi.

While the banner, the public savegame, and several other metablocks are encrypted with a shared key, which means any DSi can inspect these parts of the file.

ES block encryption is used to encrypt the header block, footer block, and the 11 content parts. Each are their own seperate ES blocks.

Tad file structure overview

Offset	Size	Description
0x0	0x4020	Banner/Icon
0x4020	0xD4	Header
0x40F4	0x460	Footer (certificates/hashes)
0x4554	-	Content parts in sequence (TMD, SRL, savegame, custom banner).

The banner, header, footer and savegame are encrypted with a shared key between each DSi. The other content parts are encrypted with a console specific key.

Header block @ 0x4020 (size 0xB4)

0000000: 34 41 4e 54 31 30 00 01 74 e9 2c 1e 24 00 00 00  4ANT10..t.,.$...
0000010: d6 e0 39 c3 98 3f 06 b6 9a b2 9d 14 e7 06 e9 00  ..9..?..........
0000020: 45 4d 44 4b 04 00 03 00 28 02 00 00 20 d2 e0 00  EMDK....(... ...
0000030: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000040: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80 80 06 00  ................
0000050: 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000060: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000070: 00 00 00 00 00 80 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000080: 00 00 00 00 00 86 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000090: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00000a0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00000b0: 00 00 00 00                                      ....

Offset	Size	Description
0x00	4	Always 0x544E4134 ('TNA4', endian-swapped)
0x04	2	group_id/publisher code
0x06	2	Title version
0x08	6	DSi MAC address
0x0E	2	zero
0x10	16	Extracted from HWINFO_N.dat
0x20	4	Lower TitleID of exported app
0x24	4	Upper TitleID of exported app
0x28	11 * 4	Contains the total lengths for each of the 11 parts.
0x54	8 * 4	List of content ids in same order as tmd
0x74	0x3e	reserved section per tmds

footer block @ 0x40F4 (size 0x460)

0000000: d6 f3 24 7c a1 0f 4a dc cd 07 34 d6 ce 62 32 93  ..$|..J...4..b2.
0000010: 11 54 54 a5 28 38 13 5a 0c 87 8e dc 63 0a ab 2e  .TT.(8.Z....c...
0000020: 4a 0f 12 5c d7 31 ee 29 72 53 39 1d ff 70 c1 8a  J..\.1.)rS9..p..
0000030: 45 18 c1 88 85 1f f5 55 c6 5f 48 37 27 f3 0a 02  E......U._H7'...
0000040: e7 77 18 8b 84 ee cc e5 e4 40 e5 cb 64 bb 0a f3  .w.......@..d...
0000050: 20 00 53 00 74 00 75 00 64 00 69 00 6f 00 0a 00   .S.t.u.d.i.o...
0000060: 4e 00 69 00 6e 00 74 00 65 00 6e 00 64 00 6f 00  N.i.n.t.e.n.d.o.
0000070: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000080: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000090: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00000a0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00000b0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00000c0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00000d0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 c5 16 e5 12  ................
00000e0: 4c 70 9a fd 7a 03 87 d0 13 94 da 86 46 11 ff 31  Lp..z.......F..1
00000f0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000100: 00 00 00 00 00 b5 62 b1 02 c9 4e f3 14 2c 85 3d  ......b...N..,.=
0000110: a2 c6 be c9 d8 01 db 46 03 12 44 6e 89 87 c4 e5  .......F..Dn....
0000120: 83 1e 00 03 8f f8 cd 35 e3 e4 b8 8e be 6e 65 36  .......5.....ne6
0000130: f2 6d c6 dc 2c 4b d6 38 2b 2d 7f e5 22 b0 44 3b  .m..,K.8+-..".D;
0000140: 00 01 00 02 00 78 58 de a6 c4 70 9c 89 26 22 f2  .....xX...p..&".
0000150: 60 38 cb c5 d7 54 cd a3 d5 b9 d9 b3 84 63 6f be  `8...T.......co.
0000160: 36 ef 00 68 f0 9a 6b 35 91 1a 67 6f 73 dc 54 61  6..h..k5..gos.Ta
0000170: c1 c7 6c 6f d4 43 58 e6 e2 62 52 11 65 77 9a ce  ..lo.CX..bR.ew..
0000180: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000190: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00001a0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00001b0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00001c0: 52 6f 6f 74 2d 43 41 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 31 2d  Root-CA00000001-
00001d0: 4d 53 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 38 2d 54 57 63 37 39  MS00000008-TWc79
00001e0: 64 63 65 63 39 2d 30 38 61 32 30 32 38 37 30 31  dcec9-08a2028701
00001f0: 30 38 34 31 31 38 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  084118..........
0000200: 00 00 00 02 41 50 30 30 30 33 30 30 31 35 34 38  ....AP0003001548
0000210: 34 65 34 32 34 35 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  4e4245..........
0000220: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000230: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000240: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 d7 c1 33 4e 24 8c 13  ...........3N$..
0000250: 0f b3 f4 c4 bb 2a 4a 79 81 51 39 6f 00 ee a2 00  .....*Jy.Q9o....
0000260: 20 a6 f5 cc d8 72 01 74 60 57 4f a4 92 52 9b 5a   ....r.t`WO..R.Z
0000270: 56 75 a9 62 4f 67 25 e3 7b 05 21 e4 4f 1f c3 21  Vu.bOg%.{.!.O..!
0000280: 2b d8 ec e7 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  +...............
0000290: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00002a0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00002b0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00002c0: 00 01 00 02 00 db da 21 3b e1 f1 bf bb 4d dc 1d  .......!;....M..
00002d0: 60 29 da 19 42 1e 66 4f a8 e5 27 a1 d4 ea 46 7d  `)..B.fO..'...F}
00002e0: 9b b4 00 95 c5 0d e8 fa ef a7 8d e9 bc 54 da c1  .............T..
00002f0: 24 94 0b 7c ad a8 61 d5 05 97 c2 64 38 ad 18 f9  $..|..a....d8...
0000300: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000310: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000320: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000330: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000340: 52 6f 6f 74 2d 43 41 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 31 2d  Root-CA00000001-
0000350: 4d 53 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 38 00 00 00 00 00 00  MS00000008......
0000360: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000370: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000380: 00 00 00 02 54 57 63 37 39 64 63 65 63 39 2d 30  ....TWc79dcec9-0
0000390: 38 61 32 30 32 38 37 30 31 30 38 34 31 31 38 00  8a2028701084118.
00003a0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00003b0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
00003c0: 00 00 00 00 6f dd de 42 01 e0 34 a3 19 bc a9 af  ....o..B..4.....
00003d0: 50 fe 8a ac 75 08 07 a9 3a 2c 21 51 93 ae 4a 90  P...u...:,!Q..J.
00003e0: 6e 62 41 f1 a2 fe 00 00 3d 0a 13 97 da 53 17 98  nbA.....=....S..
00003f0: 69 38 65 67 ca f4 9c 87 ec 44 b7 eb d0 ec b8 3d  i8eg.....D.....=
0000400: 23 cf 7a 35 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  #.z5............
0000410: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000420: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................
0000430: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  ................

Offset	Size	Description
0x00	20	SHA1 of banner
0x14	20	SHA1 of tna4
0x28	20	SHA1 of tmd
0x3c	20*8	SHA1 of up to 8 contents [if unused, can be whatever happened to be in memory before]
0xdc	20	SHA1 of save data
0xf0	20	SHA1 of ?
0x104	0x3c	ECC signature of previous 0x104 bytes with AP cert
0x140	0x180	AP cert, signed by TW cert
0x2c0	0x180	TW cert, specific to a console (see dev.kp)

It is assumed that this block contains an ECC signature, aswell as the console id and serial of the DSi that exported the file, as part of a Nintendo cert. Much like the Wii, the DSi carries with it a private ECC key that it can use to sign things, and a certificate signed by Nintendo that attests to the fact that the public ECC key belongs to a genuine DSi.